Air Pollution and Child Health in Urban India
نویسندگان
چکیده
A potential source of confounding in studies investigating the effect of indoor air pollution on child health is exposure to ambient air pollution. We investigate this relationship pairing city-level air pollution measures with child level data from the National Family Health Survey (2005-06) for six cities in India. We address simultaneity in child health outcomes and potential endogeneity of city-level air pollution by using a bivariate probit regression framework with city fixed effects. Our findings show –1) an increase in ambient air pollution significantly increases child morbidity; 2) the type of cooking fuel used at home (usual measure of indoor pollution) is not a significant determinant of child morbidity once ambient air pollution and other child, household, and city-level covariates are controlled for; and 3) it is important to explicitly account for the correlation in various child health outcomes by modeling them jointly. Our findings suggest that targeted city-wide reductions in ambient air pollution could play an important role in improving child health. Word Count Abstract: 163 words Paper: 1893 words
منابع مشابه
Establishing integrated rural–urban cohorts to assess air pollution-related health effects in pregnant women, children and adults in Southern India: an overview of objectives, design and methods in the Tamil Nadu Air Pollution and Health Effects (TAPHE) study
INTRODUCTION In rapidly developing countries such as India, the ubiquity of air pollution sources in urban and rural communities often results in ambient and household exposures significantly in excess of health-based air quality guidelines. Few efforts, however, have been directed at establishing quantitative exposure-response relationships in such settings. We describe study protocols for The...
متن کاملStudy of seasonal and spatial variability among Benzene, Toluene, and p-Xylene (BTp-X) in ambient air of Delhi, India
This study was carried out to analyze the variations of Benzene, Toluene, and para- Xylene (BTp-X) present in the urban air of Delhi. These pollutants can enter into the human body through various pathways like inhalation, oral and dermal exposure posing adverse effects on human health. Keeping in view of the above facts, six different locations of Delhi were selected for the study during summe...
متن کاملIndoor air quality monitoring in urban areas using Smart Sensing Technology
Recently, indoor air quality has attracted the attention of policymakers and researchers as a critical issue like that of external air pollution. Indoor air quality is more important as people spend time longer indoors than outdoors. Indoor environments are closed compared to external environments providing less opportunity for the pollutants to dilute. The emissions contain many substances tha...
متن کاملA comparative study for air pollution tolerance index of some terrestrial plant species
Although water and land pollution are very dangerous, air pollution has its own peculiarities due to its transboundary dispersion of pollutants over the entire world. In any well planned urban set up, industrial pollution takes a back seat and vehicular emissions take precedence as the major cause of urban air pollution. In the present study, Air pollution tolerance index was calculated for var...
متن کاملIndia Leads the Way: A Health-Centered Strategy for Air Pollution
The Government of India has recently initiated unprecedented efforts to address the substantial national health burden attribu table to ambient and household air pollution. The key first step was the constitution by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MHFW) of an expert committee on a ir pollution and health. This committee put together a landmark report (MHFW 2015) released earlier thi...
متن کامل